弗蘭克·斯圖爾特詩選（二）

       楊宗澤編譯

Selected Poems of Frank Stewart（Set Two）

Compiledand translated by Yang Zongze

接受割禮的男孩

——（背景為）奧斯曼帝國，1915年

那個男孩子去了市政廳

一位法官對他說：“孩子，

你的宗教信仰非常不好，

必須摒棄。你摒棄它嗎？”

男孩說，“是的，先生。”

“你接受真正的宗教，

即伊斯蘭教嗎？” “是的，先生。”

法官說：“孩子，從現在起你的名字

將是阿卜杜勒拉赫曼·奧格盧·阿薩德。”

然后他們給了這個男孩一頂土耳其氈帽

和一條頭巾，這樣，每個人都能知道

他是穆斯林了。接著他接受了

割禮，是一位宗教領袖為他做的。

之后，他就可以放心地

走在街上了。但即便如此，

土耳其的男孩們還是嘲笑他，

叫他“背教者”或者“叛徒”。

The Circumcised Boy

The boy went to the city hall
And a judge told him, “Child,
Your religion is very bad
And must be renounced. Do you
Renounce it?” He said, evet, effendi,
Yes, sir. “Do you accept the real religion,
The Muslim religion?” Evet, effendi.
The judge said, “Son, your name henceforth
Will be Abdul Rahman oghlu Assad.

Then they gave the boy a fez
And a turban so everyone would know
He was Muslim. Then he had to be
Circumcised,so a religious leader did that.
Afterwards, he could safely go out
On the street. But even then
The Turkish boys would taunt him,
Calling him d?nme, turncoat.

Ottoman Empire, 1915

天堂之書

——1915年6月，奧斯曼帝國，馬拉什和代爾祖爾之間

我有一個皮質水瓶

里面裝著大約一杯水

我身旁的孩子們在哭喊：

水啊！水！水啊！水！

趁別人不注意

我迅速地拿出水瓶

給他們每人滴上幾滴

滋潤一下他們的嘴唇

我想，那些

無比珍貴的水滴

都已被記錄在天堂之書里

The Book of Heaven.

I had a leather water bottle

Containing about a cup full of water

The children near me were crying

Choor! Choor! Water! Water!

Without being seen

I held out the bottle quickly

Here and there to moisten

The children’s lips with a few drops

I think those drops

Were very precious, and that they were

Recorded in the book of heaven.

BetweenMarash and Dier el-Zor, Ottoman Empire, June 1915

黃瓜

——1915年6月，奧斯曼帝國，馬拉什和代爾祖爾之間

從馬拉什出發，走了兩個小時后

我們來到了一個休息的地方

土耳其衛兵近來到處搜刮財物

他們分散在車隊之中

拿走任何他們想拿走的東西——

帽子，鞋子，長袍，腰帶，手表……

他們什么都要，什么都搶

不遠處有一處黃瓜園

那些身上還剩下點錢的人

買了些黃瓜

狼吞虎咽地吃起來

我也想吃黃瓜

但我沒有錢

我像個孩子一樣開始抽泣

Cucumbers

After two hours of walking from Marash

We were near a resting place

The Turkish guards were doing their latest gleaning

They scattered among the convoy

Taking whatever they wanted to take—

A hat, a shoe, a gown, a belt, a watch

They took and they took

Nearby there was a cucumber garden

Those who had any money left

Bought some cucumbers and began

To eat them ravenously

I wanted a cucumber too

But I did not have the money to buy one

I began to sob like a child

BetweenMarash and Dier el-Zor, Ottoman Empire, June 1915

此外

——小汽車，奧斯曼帝國，1915年

即使是庫爾德人也感到震驚。

Also

Even the Kurds wereappalled.

Van, Ottoman Empire,1915

土耳其后宮的女眷們

——1915年，奧斯曼帝國，拉斯艾因沙漠

她們身著藍色的無袖長卡夫坦長袍

肩頭披著圍巾

用以遮擋沙漠風沙，護住臉龐

有些女人用頭巾裹住頭部

有些女人頭頂著墊子

當她們搬運重物時，墊子可以起到保護作用

有些女人背著布袋，里面裝著嬰兒

有些女人的鼻孔上戴著鼻環

她們的臉上、胸口、手上

胳膊上、腳踝處甚至膝蓋上

都有著俗艷的深藍色刺青

這些女人算是幸運的了

Turkish Harem

They wore long, blue, sleeveless caftans

And scarves over their shoulders

To shield their faces against the desert winds

Some covered their heads with turbans

Some had cushions on their heads

Which protected them as they carried heavy loads

Some had babies in cloth bags on their backs

Some displayed rings in their nostrils

And had garish, dark-blue tattoos

On their faces, bosoms, hands, arms, ankles,

And even their kneecaps

These women were the lucky ones

Rasal-Ayn desert, Ottoman Empire, 1915

天可知道？

——1915年，奧斯曼帝國，拉斯艾因沙漠

牢記在拉斯阿祖爾時

那位年輕女子的忠告

媽媽把三枚里拉硬幣

藏在肛門里

但我們卻不敢用這些錢去買食物，

要是被衛兵發現，他們就會把錢搶走。

Who Knew?

Remembering

the advice of the young woman

in Ras al-Zor

Mama had hidden

three lira

in her rectum

But we dared not use them

to buy food. We knew

the guards would take them

if they knew

     Ras al-Ayn desert, Ottoman Empire, 1915

美貌，古老的傷悲

——1915年，奧斯曼帝國，拉斯艾因沙漠

許多女孩把泥土或煙灰抹在臉上

以便讓自己看上去很丑

媽媽每天都會告誡我：

“韋爾金，別忘了往臉上抹點泥。”

她擔心讓士兵們注意到我

那時我才十三歲

Beauty, the Oldest Sorrow

By blackening their faces with dirt or soot

Many girls tried to make themselves ugly

Mama would caution me everyday

“Vergeen, don’tforget to rub dirt on your face”

She was afraid a soldier would take notice

Of me, I was thirteen

Rasal-Ayn desert, Ottoman Empire, 1915

被驅逐

——奧托曼帝國，托羅斯山脈，1916年

在雪松森林深處，

他們遇見用黑色山羊皮搭成的帳篷，

那是土耳其燒炭工的棲身之所。

“我們本會非常幸福的，”

神父寫道，“若能留在那片靜謐之地，

簡簡單單地生活，遠離

衛兵那令人難以忍受的目光。

“我們羨慕那些貧苦的勞工，

也羨慕那些受驚的野兔，

它們從灌木叢里躥出，

飛奔而逃。我們還羨慕鳥兒，

能自由地飛往任何它們想去的地方。

“但我們卻要前往沙漠，

在那里，我們最終成為一抔塵土。”

Deportees

In the depths of the cedar forest

They came upon tents of black goatskins,

The shelters of Turkish charcoal makers.

“We would have been so happy,”

The priest wrote, “to remain in that solitude,

To live simply and free from

The unbearable eyes of the guards.

“We envied those poor workers

But also the startled rabbits that

Jumped from beneath bushes and

Dashed away. And we envied birds

Free to fly wherever they wished.

“But we were going to the desert

To become handfuls of dust.”

Taurus Mountains, Ottoman Empire, 1916

來世

—— 1916年，離開奧斯曼帝國的約茲加特

在被驅逐的途中

我和船長交談。“先生，”我說，

“作為一名牧師，我告訴我的教眾，

如果他們不懺悔，

他們的罪孽將讓他們在來世受苦，

這時候他們會心生恐懼。

那么，你將如何為自己的罪孽懺悔呢？”

“我已經為我的罪孽懺悔了，”他說。

“每次大屠殺之后

我都會鋪開祈禱地毯，做禮拜，

感謝真主安拉

讓我有資格參與這場圣戰。

“我的朋友們因為我年事已高，

都勸我退休。

還好我沒有聽他們的。”

The Afterlife

During the deportation

I spoke to the captain. “Bey,” I said,

“As a priest, I frighten my congregation

When I tell them their sins

Will make them suffer in the next world

If they don’t atone.

How will you atone for yours?”

“I already atone for mine,” he said.

“After each massacre

I spread my prayer rug and say my namaz,

Thanking Allah

For making me worthy for this jihad.

“My friends wanted me to retire

On account of my old age.

It’s a good thing I didn’t.”

     Leaving Yozgat, Ottoman Empire, 1916

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【作者簡介】弗蘭克·斯圖爾特：美國著名詩人、翻譯家、學者和文化活動家；自1989年始，弗蘭克一直在致力于一本名叫《馬諾阿》（音譯）的文學期刊的編譯和出版，該期刊重點譯介美洲及亞太地區當代作家的作品，旨在推動文學的國際化、全球性對話和文學的倫理想象。弗蘭克已有十多部著作出版，其中詩集五本；此外，他還翻譯了包括吉狄馬加在內的眾多世界當代著名詩人的詩作，并以《詩歌后面的詩歌》為名結集出版。弗蘭克現為夏威夷大學英文教授，其詩歌作品曾獲美國懷廷文學獎和夏威夷州政府文學獎等重要獎項，

值得特別一提的是，弗蘭克于2021年出版的詩歌專集《依然在逃》。在這本書里，弗蘭克用詩歌的方式對于二十世紀以來的種族滅絕暴行、戰爭以及戰爭給人類帶來的苦難予以梳理、審視和批判，旨在借以推動人類之間持久的和平和友誼。這本詩集以其具有良知的學者和詩人的獨特的審視角度在當代世界詩壇獨樹一幟，堪稱弗蘭克詩歌寫作中的扛鼎之作，也是當下世界詩壇上一顆閃耀著人性光芒的詩歌星辰。

[Aboutthe Author] Frank Stewart: Arenowned American poet, translator, scholar, and cultural activist. Since 1989,Frank has been dedicated to the compilation, translation, and publication of aliterary journal titled Manoa. This journal focuses ontranslating and introducing the works of contemporary writers from the Americasand the Asia-Pacific region, aiming to promote the internationalization ofliterature, global dialogue in literature, and the ethical imagination inliterary works. Frank has published more than ten works, including fivecollections of poetry. In addition, he has translated the poems of manyworld-renowned contemporary poets, including Jidi Majia, and compiled thesetranslations into a collection titled The Poetry behind Poetry. His workshave won important awards such as the Whiting Award and the Literary Award ofthe Hawaii State Government. Currently, Frank serves as a professor of Englishat the University of Hawaii.  

It isparticularly worth mentioning that Frank published a collection of poems titledStillAt Large in 2021. In this book, Frank uses poetry to sort out, examine,and criticize the genocide atrocities, the war and the sufferings brought bythe war to humanity since the 20th century. Its aim is to promote lasting peaceand friendship among human beings. With its unique perspective of examination,this poetry collection stands out in the contemporary world poetry scene withthe profound humanistic concern for all of humanity of a conscientious scholarand poet. It can be regarded as a masterwork in Frank's poetry writing, and isalso a shining star in the current world poetry circle, radiating thebrilliance of human nature as well.  

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【譯者簡介】楊宗澤 (1953 —    )筆名:瘦路，山東平度人,畢業于山東師范大學外文系英美語言文學專業，中學退休教師，無黨派，中國作家協會會員，詩人，翻譯家，后意象主義詩歌流派代表性詩人之一。1999年12月被美國世界作家藝術家協會評選為1999年度最佳翻譯家，2024年12月被《中國當代詩歌導讀》編委會授予第七屆詩歌獎。已有詩集《浪漫季節》、《沉浮》和詩歌翻譯集《賀敬之短詩選》、《吉狄馬加詩選》、《桑恒昌短詩選》、《伊曼紐爾?馬休詩選》等33種著作在國內外出版。楊宗澤的詩關注人生和人性、關注現實和社會問題、關注底層社會的生存狀態。

[Aboutthe translator] Yang Zongze (1953 —   ), his pen name: Narrow Path; was born in Pingdu City, Shandong Province; graduatedfrom English Language and Literature Department of Shandong Normal University;retired middle school teacher; nonparty; poet, poetry translator, one of therepresentative poets of the post-Imagist poetry school. In December 1999, hewas selected as the Best Translator of 1999 by the American Society of WorldWriters and Artists. In December 2024, he was awarded the title of excellentpoet of the Seventh Poetry Award by the editorial board of the Guide forReading of Chinese Contemporary Poetry. Thirty-two books of his have beenpublished at home and abroad, including a collection of poems titled My Romantic Season and Winter Without Snow，and collections of translated poems titled Selected Poems of He Jingzhi, Selected Poemsof Jidi Majia, Selected Poems of Sang Hengchang and Selected Poems of Emmanuel MAHIEU.

Yang Zongze's poetry focuses onlife and human nature, realistic society and important societal issues as wellas the living conditions of the bottom society.